Since the start of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, governments across the world have imposed an unprecedented range of sanctions and export-control measures targeting Russia’s military-industrial complex. Among the primary targets of these efforts is Rostec, Russia’s largest state-owned defense and technology conglomerate, which serves as an umbrella structure for hundreds of enterprises involved in weapons production, military electronics, aviation, engines, optics, vehicles, and dual-use technologies. Despite the prominence of sanctions in public discourse, relatively little attention has been paid to how consistently different jurisdictions target the broader ecosystem of entities operating under the Rostec umbrella.
This paper examines the extent to which sanctions and export controls have been applied to Rostec and its subsidiaries across key jurisdictions: the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and Ukraine. It assesses the current state of the corporation’s major holdings. The analysis demonstrates that sanctioning approaches vary significantly across jurisdictions, resulting in uneven coverage across the broader Rostec ecosystem.
It goes beyond sanctions alone and incorporates export-control measures and other relevant restrictive frameworks where applicable. This approach is particularly important because restrictive measures are not limited to sanctions designations. In many cases, governments rely on export controls, entity listings, or other regulatory instruments to restrict access to technologies, financial services, and international supply chains. Such measures may be imposed independently of sanctions and often serve as an earlier or more flexible response to perceived risks.
This analysis was compiled with the support of the International Renaissance Foundation. Its content is the exclusive responsibility of The Independent Anti-Corruption Commission and does not necessarily reflect the views of the International Renaissance Foundation.